Muhammad

Muhammad, born in Mecca around 570 CE, is revered in Islam as the final prophet of God. Orphaned at a young age, he was raised by his grandfather and uncle. At age 40, he began receiving divine revelations in the Cave of Hira, which formed the Quran. He preached monotheism, facing opposition and persecution in Mecca. In 622, he migrated to Medina (Hijrah), marking the start of the Islamic calendar. There, he established a community, united tribes under the Constitution of Medina, and engaged in military and diplomatic activities. His conquest of Mecca in 630 led to the city's conversion to Islam. Muhammad died in Medina in 632, having unified most of the Arabian Peninsula under Islam. His teachings, documented in the Quran and Hadith, form the core of Islamic faith and practice.