Georgy Chulkov

Georgy Ivanovich Chulkov was a Russian Symbolist poet, editor, writer, and critic. Born in Moscow on February 1, 1879, he died on January 1, 1939. Chulkov is credited with creating and popularizing the theory of Mystical Anarchism in 1906. He began his academic pursuits studying medicine at Moscow University from 1898 to 1901. His involvement in a revolutionary student organization led to his arrest in December 1901 and subsequent exile to Amga, in the Yakutsk region of Siberia. He was amnestied in 1903 and lived in Nizhny Novgorod for a year before moving to St. Petersburg in 1904. There, he became the de facto editor of 'Novy Put'' (New Path), a literary magazine. When 'Novy Put'' ceased publication in January 1905, Chulkov moved to 'Voprosy Zhizni' (Problems of Life). In 1906, he edited the anthology 'Fakely' (Torches) and later published his 'Mystical Anarchism' manifesto. Chulkov published novels, poems, and short story collections between 1906 and 1914, when he joined the army for World War I. After the war and the Russian Civil War, he found it difficult to publish poetry and fiction under the Soviet regime. From 1922 onwards, he focused on literary criticism and Russian history, publishing works on various historical figures and events. He died in 1939 from emphysema and was buried in Moscow.