François de La Rochefoucauld

François de La Rochefoucauld (15 September 1613 – 17 March 1680) was a French moralist and writer, renowned for his *Maximes* and *Memoirs*. Born into a prominent noble family, his early life was shaped by military training and courtly expectations. He participated in various military campaigns and was involved in the political intrigues of the Fronde, enduring imprisonment and injury. His liaison with the Duchess of Longueville solidified his role as a 'frondeur'. Following the Fronde, he retired to his estate, where he managed to restore his fortunes with the help of his servant Gourville. He later returned to court life and engaged with literary salons, notably that of Madeleine de Scudéry. In 1662, a spurious version of his memoirs was published, followed by his anonymously published *Maximes* in 1665, which cemented his literary reputation. His friendship with Madame de La Fayette lasted a lifetime. La Rochefoucauld was recognized as an exemplar of the old nobility and a leading moralist. His writings, particularly the *Maximes*, offer a cynical yet insightful view of human nature, emphasizing self-interest and the hidden motives behind actions. His aphorisms are celebrated for their pithy style and elegance. He died in Paris in 1680. His influence extended to later thinkers like Friedrich Nietzsche, who admired his ethics and style.