The Philosopher
Albert Ellis
The face
The background
- Nationality:
- American
- Branchs:
- Clinical psychology, Philosophy, Psychotherapy, Human sexuality, Sexology
- Period:
- 20th century
The synopsis
Albert Ellis (September 27, 1913 – July 24, 2007) was an American psychologist and psychotherapist who founded Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). He held MA and PhD degrees in clinical psychology from Columbia University and was certified by the American Board of Professional Psychology (ABPP). Ellis is considered one of the originators of the cognitive revolutionary paradigm shift in psychotherapy and an early proponent and developer of cognitive-behavioral therapies. A 1982 survey ranked him as the second most influential psychotherapist in history, after Carl Rogers and ahead of Sigmund Freud. Psychology Today noted that no individual, not even Freud himself, had a greater impact on modern psychotherapy. Ellis was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and raised in The Bronx, New York City. He experienced a difficult childhood marked by his parents' divorce and his mother's self-absorption and possible bipolar disorder, as well as his own childhood illnesses. Despite these adversities, Ellis developed a resilience that would later inform his therapeutic approach. He was also a sexologist and sex and love researcher, publishing influential works such as 'Sex Without Guilt'. His development of REBT in the 1950s marked a significant departure from psychoanalysis, advocating for an active-directive approach to therapy focused on changing self-defeating beliefs. Ellis' work extended beyond psychology into education, politics, and philosophy, making him a prominent social commentator. He continued to work and write prolifically well into his later years, despite health challenges. He died in 2007 at the age of 93, leaving a profound legacy in the field of psychology and psychotherapy.
The works
The Folklore of Sex
The Homosexual in America: A Subjective Approach
Sex Beliefs and Customs
The American Sexual Tragedy
Sex Life of the American Woman and the Kinsey Report
The Psychology of Sex Offenders
How To Live with a Neurotic
Sex Without Guilt
The Art and Science of Love
A Guide to Successful Marriage
Creative Marriage
A Guide to Rational Living
The Encyclopedia of Sexual Behavior
Reason and Emotion in Psychotherapy
Sex and the Single Man
If This Be Sexual Heresy
The Intelligent Woman's Guide to Man-hunting
Nymphomania: A Study of the Oversexed Woman
Homosexuality: Its Causes and Cures
The Art of Erotic Seduction
Is Objectivism a Religion?
Growth Through Reason: Verbatim Cases in Rational-Emotive Therapy
Murder and Assassination
The Civilized Couple's Guide to Extramarital Adventures
Executive Leadership: A Rational Approach
Humanistic Psychotherapy
A New Guide to Rational Living
Sex and the Liberated Man
Anger: How to Live With and Without It
Handbook of Rational-Emotive Therapy
How to Master Your Fear of Flying
Overcoming Procrastination: Or How to Think and Act Rationally in Spite of Life's Inevitable Hassles
Overcoming Resistance: Rational-Emotive Therapy With Difficult Clients
When AA Doesn't Work For You: Rational Steps to Quitting Alcohol
The Art and Science of Rational Eating
How to Cope with a Fatal Illness
Reason and Emotion in Psychotherapy, Revised and Updated
How to Keep People from Pushing Your Buttons
Rational Interviews
Alcohol: How to Give It Up and Be Glad You Did
Better, Deeper, and More Enduring Brief Therapy: The Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Approach
Stress Counselling: A Rational Emotive Behaviour Approach
How to Control Your Anger Before It Controls You
Optimal Aging: Get Over Getting Older
Rational Emotive Therapy: A Therapists Guide
How to Make Yourself Happy and Remarkably Less Disturbable
How to Control your Anxiety before it Controls you
How to Stubbornly Refuse to Make Yourself Miserable About Anything: Yes, Anything
Making Intimate Connections: Seven Guidelines for Great Relationships and Better Communication
The Secret of Overcoming Verbal Abuse: Getting Off the Emotional Roller Coaster and Regaining Control of Your Life
Counseling and Psychotherapy With Religious Persons: A Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Approach
Overcoming Destructive Beliefs, Feelings, and Behaviors: New Directions for Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Feeling Better, Getting Better, Staying Better: Profound Self-Help Therapy For Your Emotions
Case Studies in Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy With Children and Adolescents
Overcoming Resistance: A Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Integrated Approach, 2nd ed.
Ask Albert Ellis: Straight Answers and Sound Advice from America's Best-Known Psychologist
Sex Without Guilt in the 21st Century
Dating, Mating, and Relating. How to Build a Healthy Relationship
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy: It Works For Me—It Can Work For You
The Road to Tolerance: The Philosophy of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
The Myth of Self-Esteem
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy: A Therapist's Guide (2nd Edition)
Rational Emotive Behavioral Approaches to Childhood Disorders • Theory, Practice and Research (2nd Edition)
Are Capitalism, Objectivism, And Libertarianism Religions? Yes!: Greenspan And Ayn Rand Debunked
Personality Theories: Critical Perspectives
All Out! An Autobiography
The quotes
There are three musts that hold us back: I must do well. You must treat me well. And the world must be easy.
The art of love is largely the art of persistence.
I hope to die in the saddle seat.
I think it's unfair, but they have the right as fallible, screwed-up humans to be unfair; that's the human condition.
You largely constructed your depression. It wasn't given to you. Therefore, you can deconstruct it.
I thought foolishly that Freudian psychoanalysis was deeper and more intensive than other, more directive forms of therapy, so I was trained in it and practiced it.
I wrote several articles criticizing psychoanalysis, but the analysts weren't listening to my objections. So I finally quit after practicing it for six years.
People could rationally decide that prolonged relationships take up too much time and effort and that they'd much rather do other kinds of things. But most people are afraid of rejection.
In the old days we used to get more referrals, because people had insurance that paid for therapy. Now they belong to HMOs, and we can only be affiliated with a few HMOs.
Many psychoanalysts refused to let me speak at their meetings. They were exceptionally vigorous because I had previously been an analyst and they were very angry at my flying the coop.
People have motives and thoughts of which they are unaware.
If I had been a member of the academic establishment, I could have done other experiments.
I started to call myself a rational therapist in 1955; later I used the term rational emotive. Now I call myself a rational emotive behavior therapist.
If something is irrational, that means it won't work. It's usually unrealistic.
As a result of my philosophy, I wasn't even upset about Hitler. I was willing to go to war to knock him off, but I didn't hate him. I hated what he was doing.
We teach people that they upset themselves. We can't change the past, so we change how people are thinking, feeling and behaving today.
Self-esteem is the greatest sickness known to man or woman because it's conditional.
I had a great many sex and love cases where people were absolutely devastated when somebody with whom they were compulsively in love didn't love them back. They were killing themselves with anxiety and depression.
There's no evidence whatsoever that men are more rational than women. Both sexes seem to be equally irrational.
The best years of your life are the ones in which you decide your problems are your own. You do not blame them on your mother, the ecology, or the president. You realize that you control your own destiny.
People don't just get upset. They contribute to their upsetness.
Let's suppose somebody abused you sexually. You still had a choice, though not a good one, about what to tell yourself about the abuse.
Freud had a gene for inefficiency, and I think I have a gene for efficiency.
Most people would have given up when faced with all the criticism I've received over the years.
I'm very happy. I like my work and the various aspects of it - going around the world, teaching the gospel according to St. Albert.
People got insights into what was bothering them, but they hardly did a damn thing to change.
Acceptance is not love. You love a person because he or she has lovable traits, but you accept everybody just because they're alive and human.
By not caring too much about what people think, I'm able to think for myself and propagate ideas which are very often unpopular. And I succeed.
Rational beliefs bring us closer to getting good results in the real world.
I think the future of psychotherapy and psychology is in the school system. We need to teach every child how to rarely seriously disturb himself or herself and how to overcome disturbance when it occurs.
For that again, is what all manner of religion essentially is: childish dependency.
I get people to truly accept themselves unconditionally, whether or not their therapist or anyone loves them.
I had used eclectic therapy and behavior therapy on myself at the age of 19 to get over my fear of public speaking and of approaching young women in public.